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Abstract
Resistance training (RT) offers benefits to both men and women. However, the studies about the differences between men and women in response to an RT program are not conclusive and few data are available about upper body strength response. The aim of this study was to compare elbow flexor strength gains in men and women after 10 weeks of RT. Forty-four college-aged men ( ± 2.34 years) and forty-seven college-aged women ( ± 2.96 years) participated in the study. The RT program was performed two days a week for 10 weeks. Before and after the training period, peak torque (PT) of the elbow flexors was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. PT values were higher in men in comparison to women in pre- and post-tests (p < 0.01).> 0.05). Effect sizes were 0.57 and 0.56 for men and women, respectively. In conclusion, the present study suggests that men and women have a similar upper body strength response to RT.
Inclusion
Weight training (RT) also provides positive points to both males and females. In fact, the benefits of RT were but are not restricted to: decreased intestinal transit go out; reduced chance of a cancerous colon (Koffler ainsi que al., 1992); increased resting metabolic rate (Campbell et al., 1994; Paoli mais aussi al., 2012); improved glucose kcalorie burning (Hurley, 1994); increased bloodstream-lipid profiles (Brick ainsi que al., 1982; Hurley ainsi que al., 1988); less asleep blood pressure (Harris & Holly, 1987; Colliander & Tesch, 1988); increased limbs nutrient occurrence (Menkes et al., 1993); pain and discomfort avoidance for these enduring joint disease (Rall ainsi que al., 1996); diminished low back pain (Deyssig mais aussi al., 1993; Weinsier et al., 1995); improved self-reliance (Westcott, 1995); and you can, improved maximum cardiovascular ability (Steele et al., 2012). Particularly, improved fuel and you can muscle, the main aftereffects of RT, had been confirmed to reduce the risk of every-end in death (Newman et al., 2006; Ruiz et al., 2008; Artero mais aussi al., 2011; Srikanthan & Karlamangla, 2014). But not, whether or not you can find sex-particular solutions so you can RT is presently not sure. Predicated on Dreyer et al., (2010), overall dudes possess 10 times alot more circulating testosterone than simply feminine. Chest area system possess so much more androgen receptors than simply leg system (Kadi ainsi que al., 2000). Thus, it will be possible this hormone huge difference you are going to enable greater advancement of top limb system into the dudes than the female with RT.
) investigated muscles structure for the 268 guys and 200 women using magnetized resonance imaging and discovered upper body muscle tissue ratio are deeper inside the dudes than women (42.nine versus. 39.7%). Comparable show was in fact included in opposition-taught victims by Alway et al. (1989), who compared male and female bodybuilders. It reported that, despite performing the same studies regularity and you can performed equivalent studies apps, the fresh muscles get across-sectional area of the biceps brachii are higher during the guys than just in females. More over, Kvorning ainsi que al. (2006) discovered that the consequences from testosterone into the power progress could well be way more pronounced than muscle mass progress. Ergo, it may be hypothesized you to definitely sex might determine the new electricity reaction moreso versus escalation in muscle tissue as a result so you can RT.
Prior studies reported that visitors doing an equivalent RT plan failed to differ for the strength growth, both natural and you can cousin, towards the hip and legs (Ivey mais aussi worldbrides.org navigoi nГ¤ihin kavereihin al., 2000; Galvao ainsi que al., 2006; Dorgo mais aussi al., 2012). Fisher et al. (2014) has has just stated the brand new power gains out-of female and male trainees off a personal RT studio for both higher and lower muscles practise. There have been comparable natural stamina gains but really ladies had a bit greater relative strength progress and you can fuel gains prior to muscles size. But not, people inside analysis got taught for about double this new years of men. Most other education exploring the upper body report contradictory findings with a few recommending greater pure increases in the men (O’Hagan et al., 1995; Abe et al., 2000) and you may better relative development in females. Anyone else stated zero differences (Davies ainsi que al., 1988; Abe mais aussi al., 2000). However, this has been argued because of the Abe mais aussi al. (2000) a large number of the earlier education and this used sex comparisons for each other strength and muscular hypertrophic transform was in fact hampered from the low mathematical fuel as a consequence of brief try types (all ?20 users).